The Bible offers few descriptions of demons' appearances in the Old and New Testaments. Over time, their physical characterizations have evolved through oral storytelling, grimoires, literature, and apocrypha. Jacques Auguste Simon Collin de Plancy's 18th-century text, Dictionnaire Infernal, features woodcuts by Louis Le Breton that remain a primary source for demon representations. De Plancy, a demonologist and occultist, collaborated with Le Breton to bring demons to life. Various sources, including encyclopedias and compendiums, have fueled collective fascination with demons. Their physical features often reflect their powers and abilities, providing insight into the religious beliefs and customs of the time when these dark entities emerged.
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The King James Bible English translation names the demon.The demon Azazel.Azazel means scapegoat and is a synonym for hell in modern Hebrew. Ancient Jewish texts originate Azazel, describing him as a desert-dwelling, goat-like fellow in the apocryphal Book of Enoch.The Book of Enoch.
The extracanonical Apocalypse of Abraham.The extracanonical Apocalypse of Abraham.This text explains these details and sets the modern view of Azazel's look based on Abraham's story.
I saw the bird speaking, so I said to the angel, "What is this, my lord?"
He replied, "This is disgrace—this is Azazel!"
Abraham later condemns a sinner to "putrefy in the belly of the crafty worm Azazel, and be burned by the fire of Azazel's tongue." These descriptions form a general view of Azazel as a chief Se'irim, literally a "hairy one," or a malevolent goat demon moving through the barren wilderness.
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Early mentions of the demon.Beelzebub.The Synoptic Gospels define Beelzebub as "the prince of demons." Canaanites, ancient people on the western edges of the Middle East, saw him as Ba’alzebub, or "lord of the flies."
In the.Testament of Solomon.He is described as a powerful despot from hell; he declares:
I bring destruction through tyrants. I make demons worshipped with men. I stir desire in holy men and priests. I cause jealousy and slayings in a country. I instigate conflict.
In the.Dictionnaire Infernal.The Dictionnaire Infernal, de Plancy traces Beelzebub's bug-like appearance, ending in the German play Faust.Faust by Goethe, where he is "dressed like a bee and with two dreadful ears and his hair painted in all colors with a dragon’s tail."He is "dressed like a bee and with two dreadful ears and his hair painted in all colors with a dragon’s tail."
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Asmodeus.Asmodeus originates from the monotheistic Zoroastrianism tradition, and his devilish mythology grew and changed through Judaism and Christianity until he became known as one of the highest-ranking demons to ever exist.Asmodeus originates from the monotheistic Zoroastrianism tradition, and his devilish mythology grew and transformed through Judaism and Christianity until he became known as one of the highest-ranking demons to ever exist.
The.The Dictionnaire Infernal.The Dictionnaire Infernal produces gruesome portrayals of Asmodeus. It summarizes him as "a monstrous creature with three heads: one like a sheep, one like a bull, and one like a man. The man’s face may sound like the most normal, but with pointed ears, a hooked noise, jagged teeth, and a fire-breathing mouth."
Asmodeus has rooster legs and the tail of the serpent. He performs his evil plans while riding a lion with a dragon's neck.
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The.Important demon Paimon.Paimon is described in many grimoires. One key verbal sketch appears in The Lesser Keys of Solomon.The Lesser Keys of Solomon.The Lesser Keys of Solomon, edited by occultists S.L. MacGregor Mathers and Aleister Crowley in 1904:
Paimon, a Great King and very obedient to Lucifer, is the Ninth Spirit in this Order. He appears as a man sitting on a Dromedary with a glorious crown. A host of spirits follows him, like men with trumpets and loud cymbals, along with other musical instruments. He has a great voice; he roars at his arrival, and his speech makes the Magician struggle to understand it unless he forces him.
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The aforementionedLesser Keys of Solomonprovides adetailed depictionshows another demon, Astaroth:
He is a Mighty, Strong Duke. He appears as an hurtful Angel riding an Infernal Beast, like a Dragon, carrying a Viper in his right hand. Do not let him come too close, or his Noisome Breath will harm you.
With his bad breath and claws, Astaroth can see the past, future, and present. This demon also connects to the liberal sciences.
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The word Baphomet appears as far back as the Muslim crusades. Some think Baphomet is a twist on the prophet Muhammad's name. Only in 1854 did the French magician Eliphas Levi call Baphomet the "Sabbatical Goat." According toone source:
Levi’s Baphomet represented the union of opposing forces. For example, the figure is a hermaphrodite, possessing both male and female body parts. Also, Levi’s Baphomet aimed to represent all magical symbols from older pagan or animistic traditions that survived Christianity. For instance, the goat elements came from Banebdjedet, an ancient Egyptian goat-headed god, and from Pan, a Greek god.
Occultist Aleister Crowley adopted this description. Many modern Satanic groups now use Baphomet imagery.
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Moloch is linked tochild sacrifice, and his name comes from the Hebrew wordsMelech, meaning "king," andBosheth, meaning "shame." Idolatrous Israelites supposedly worshipped him. According to theDictionnaire Infernal, Moloch is a statue crowned with a calf's head on a throne. His arms reach out to take his young offerings.
InParadise Lost, John Milton sets up a scary scene about the demonic power:
First, Moloch, horrid King, covered in blood
Of human sacrifice, and parents’ tears;
Though, because of loud drums and timbrels,
Their children’s cries pass through fire unheard
To his grim idol.
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Crowley and S.L. MacGregor Mathers givethe demon Valaca special status inThe Lesser Key of Solomon:
He is a President Mighty and Great. He appears like a Child with Angel's Wings, riding a Two-headed Dragon. His job is to give True Answers of Hidden Treasures and show where Serpents can be seen. He brings these to the Exorciser without using any Force or Strength from him.
His angelic wings resemble a goshawk, a bird of prey.
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Bael, also called Baal, sprang from the ancient Canaanites of Syria. He began as a fertility god, then became a demon in Judeo-Christianity in 2007.Luciferian Goetia.Michael Ford writes that Bael "is a spirit of shape shifting—by the cat" and "by the toad."Dictionnaire Infernal.This description expands on that.
The Grand Grimoire states:le Grand Grimoire.Bael heads the infernal powers. Wierus lists him as the first Demon in his Pseudomonarchia.Pseudomonarchia daemonum.Wierus claims Bael was the first king of hell with lands in the East. Bael has three heads: a toad, a man, and a cat. He speaks a loud, well-formed voice and commands 66 legions. Bael teaches invisibility; he may be Baal.
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Halphas is a powerful demon known for burning towns.Pseudomonarchia Daemonum.Johann Wier wrote this in 1583. Halpas is described as follows:
A great earl, Halpas appears like a stork with a hoarse voice. He builds towns full of weapons and munitions. He sends soldiers to assigned places and controls six and twenty legions.
The.Luciferian Goetia.This language mirrors it. It writes that "he appears as a Stock-Dove. Malthas (also spelled this way) is a Great Earl who speaks... with a hoarse voice."The Lesser King of Solomon.This source explains his job: "to build up Towers, and to furnish them with [arms and instruments], and to send Men-of-War to places appointed."
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De Plancy's.Dictionnaire Infernal. This source interprets Ukobach.as a “demon of an inferior order.” Beelzebub condemned this goblin-like thing to maintain “oil in the infernal boilers” of hell.
He looks odd with a small body and a large head. His eyes, ears, and nose are all huge. His body always burns, and he holds a hot poker or coal shovel. His tail is long with a sharp point, and his feet are long and clawed. Ukobach's look is "more exaggerated and silly than a hideous devil."
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Zaebos, or Sallos, is a different demon type.This regal character has a sweet nature.The Lesser Key of Solomon describes his look and behavior.The Lesser Key of Solomon.It describes his appearance and attitude.
He is a Great and Mighty Duke. He appears as a gallant Soldier riding a Crocodile, wearing a Ducal Crown, but calmly. He causes the love of women to men and men to women; he rules 30 Legions of Spirits.
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Some people argue whether Ganga-Gramma counts as a demon.Ganga-Gramma.de Plancy viewed him as a demon in his Dictionnaire Infernal.Dictionnaire Infernal, writing:Ganga-Gramma is a female demon. Indians fear her and give her great honors. She has four arms, holds a small bowl in her left hand, and a three-pronged fork in her right.
Ganga-Gramma, a feminine demon, is feared by the Indians and receives great honors. He has four arms. His left hand holds a small bowl. His right hand holds a three-pronged fork.
This infernal character traces back to Hindu myths. He is linked to the name of a holy Indian river and the name of Shiva's second wife. De Plancy states Ganga-Gramma's demonic ideas connect to human and animal sacrifice.
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One theory suggestsThe desert demon.Behemoth comes from the Egyptian term "water buffalo." The Old Testament book of Job explains Behemoth has "strength is in his loins, and his power in the muscles of his belly."
Other depictions confirm he is a large, bulky thing. Some suggest he is a whale, an elephant, or a shapeshifter. Others claim he is a species that no longer exists.
In his epic poemParadise Lost, Milton shows the beast's birth:
Scarce from his mould.
Behemoth was the biggest born of earth upheaved
His vastness: Fleeced the flocks and bleating rose.
As plants: Ambiguous between sea and land.
The river-horse, and scaly crocodile.
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